A new method for the treatment of stuttering is described in which patients vividly imagine the cues which usually lead to their stuttering and then contingently experience a painful shock. The use of imagined cues makes possible great flexibility while increasing the precision with which punishment is applied. Various ethical and theoretical objections to the use of punishment are discussed, and the author concludes that punishment can be effective and useful in the treatment of stuttering. The steps for implementing cognitive conditioning therapy are clearly outlined and a case study is presented.